SQL Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators in SQL are used to perform mathematical operations on numeric columns. These are useful for calculating totals, differences, averages, and more.

1️⃣ Common Arithmetic Operators in SQL

| Operator | Description         | Example            |
|----------|-------------------|------------------|
| `+`      | Addition            | `Salary + Bonus`   |
| `-`      | Subtraction         | `Salary - Tax`     |
| `*`      | Multiplication      | `Quantity * Price` |
| `/`      | Division            | `Total / Count`    |
| `%`      | Modulus (remainder) | `Salary % 1000`    |

2️⃣ Using Arithmetic Operators in SQL

Suppose we have this table:

| EmployeeID | Name  | Salary | Bonus |
|------------|-------|--------|-------|
| 1          | John  | 3000   | 500   |
| 2          | Mary  | 3500   | 600   |
| 3          | David | 4000   | 800   |
| 4          | Anna  | 3200   | 400   |

a) Addition

SELECT Name, Salary + Bonus AS TotalCompensation
FROM Employees;

Output:

| Name  | TotalCompensation |
|-------|------------------|
| John  | 3500             |
| Mary  | 4100             |
| David | 4800             |
| Anna  | 3600             |

b) Subtraction

SELECT Name, Salary - Bonus AS NetSalary
FROM Employees;

Output:

| Name  | NetSalary |
|-------|-----------|
| John  | 2500      |
| Mary  | 2900      |
| David | 3200      |
| Anna  | 2800      |

c) Multiplication

SELECT Name, Bonus * 2 AS DoubleBonus
FROM Employees;

Output:

| Name  | DoubleBonus |
|-------|-------------|
| John  | 1000        |
| Mary  | 1200        |
| David | 1600        |
| Anna  | 800         |

d) Division

SELECT Name, Salary / 1000 AS SalaryInThousands
FROM Employees;

Output:

| Name  | SalaryInThousands |
|-------|------------------|
| John  | 3                |
| Mary  | 3.5              |
| David | 4                |
| Anna  | 3.2              |

e) Modulus (Remainder)

SELECT Name, Salary % 1000 AS Remainder
FROM Employees;

Output:

| Name  | Remainder |
|-------|-----------|
| John  | 0         |
| Mary  | 500       |
| David | 0         |
| Anna  | 200       |

-- Addition
SELECT Name, Salary + Bonus AS TotalCompensation
FROM Employees;

-- Subtraction
SELECT Name, Salary - Bonus AS NetSalary
FROM Employees;

-- Multiplication
SELECT Name, Bonus * 2 AS DoubleBonus
FROM Employees;

-- Division
SELECT Name, Salary / 1000 AS SalaryInThousands
FROM Employees;

-- Modulus
SELECT Name, Salary % 1000 AS Remainder
FROM Employees;